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Bio-Clear Tertiary Filter

Tertiary Filter

Suspended particulates are removed from water by flowing the water via gravity through filter media at a high rate.
The solids are removed within the depth of the granular material.
Filtered water is removed from the filter through an underdrain system.
Cleaning the filter media is accomplished with an upflow water wash with either full bed fluidization or sub-fluidization depending upon the media.
Air scour ensures thorough cleaning resulting from higher shear forces in the media bed and abrasion between grains.
Dirt is automatically dislodged and flushed out of the media, pushed to the surface of the water by the upward flow, and captured via water overflow into the waste gullet.
Dirty backwash water is evacuated from the filter for recycling through the Bio-Clear system.
Suspended solids counts are reduced from 30ppm with secondary filtration alone, to less than 10ppm and typically below 5ppm.

Process Description

The packaged tertiary filter provides for flow division, filtration, backwashing, surge control and disinfection of the wastewater.

The influent wastewater will enter the filter through a flow division chamber where the flow will be divided equally to each of the two (2) filter cells. Each filter cell will provide for the filtration of biological treatment plant effluent by the use of a dual media. This media contains both sand and anthracite to accomplish the sequential filtration and removal of suspended solids. The filter media is fully submerged to evenly distribute the wastewater over the entire filter cell.

The wastewater percolates through the filter cells and then into the area below the filter nozzle plates. From here it flows through the backwash pipe, backwash pumps and into the clearwell.

The wastewater in the clearwell will then overflow into the disinfection chamber. The disinfection chamber will provide for the addition and mixing of a disinfectant with the wastewater. The disinfection chamber will also provide the required time to ensure the thorough disinfection of the wastewater.

When the surface of the filter cells become covered with solids, the wastewater level begins to rise. The rising wastewater level activates the air scouring and backwash cycles. The backwash cycle will use wastewater from the clearwell to backwash and dislodge the solids entrapped in the lower portion of the media. As air and clean backwash water is pumped through the filter from the bottom up dislodging the retained solids, the media will then be automatically air scoured and backwashed.

The air scouring cycle will provide for the agitation of the solids that have been collected in the upper portion of the media. The rising backwash water overflows into the surge chamber. The surge chamber collects the backwash water and pumps it back to the head of the biological treatment system over several hours by using the flow control valves in the discharge line.

Tertiary Filter Data
Model No.	Design Flow Gal. / Day	Filter Area (sq. ft.)	Clearwell Volume (gal.)	Surge Chamber (gal.)	Backwash Pumps**		Return Pumps (hp)	Air Scour		Magnesium Anode (qty)
Model No.	Design Flow Gal. / Day	Filter Area (sq. ft.)	Clearwell Volume (gal.)	Surge Chamber (gal.)	(gpm)	(hp)	Return Pumps (hp)	(cfm)	(hp)	Magnesium Anode (qty)
T-10	10,000	7.0	560	560	56	1/2	1/2	28	1	2
T-15	15,000	10.5	840	840	84	1/2	1/2	42	3	2
T-20	20,000	14.0	1,120	1,120	112	1/2	1/2	56	3	2
T-25	25,000	17.5	1,400	1,400	140	1/2	1/2	70	3	2
T-30	30,000	21.0	1,680	1,680	168	1/2	1/2	84	3	2
T-35	35,000	24.5	1,960	1,960	196	3/4	1/2	98	5	2
T-40	40,000	28.0	2,240	2,240	224	3/4	1/2	112	5	4
T-45	45,000	31.5	2,520	2,520	252	3/4	1/2	126	5	4
T-50	50,000	35.0	2,800	2,800	280	1	1/2	140	5	4
T-55	55,000	38.0	3,080	3,080	308	1	1/2	154	5	4
T-60	60,800	42.0	3,360	3,360	336	1	1/2	168	7.5	4
T-65	65,300	45.5	3,640	3,640	364	1 1/2	1/2	182	7.5	4
T-70	70,900	49.0	3,920	3,920	392	1 1/2	1/2	196	7.5	4
T-75	75,400	52.5	4,200	4,200	420	1 1/2	1/2	210	7.5	4
T-80	80,100	56.0	4,480	4,480	448	1 1/2	1/2	224	7.5	6
T-85	85,600	59.5	4,760	4,760	476	1 1/2	1/2	238	7.5	6
T-90	90,000	63.0	5,040	5,040	504	2	1/2	252	10	6
T-95	95,000	66.5	5,320	5,320	532	2	1/2	266	10	6
T-100	100,000	70.0	5,600	5,600	560	2	1/2	280	10	6

(1) Clearwell Volume is Based on One (1) Complete Backwash Each Filter Bed
(2) Backwash Surge Chamber is Sized to Hold One (1) Complete Backwash Each Filter Bed for 10 Min. Backwash Cycle
(3) Backwash Surge Return Pump Sized at 60 G.P.M. / 12 Ft. TDH
* Filter area total for both filter cells
** Flow rate combined for both pumps

Tertiary Filter Dimensions
Model Number	Dimension						*C.C.T. (Gal.)**
Length	Width	Width of Pipe Screen Underdrain	Filter Bed 1 & 2	Backwash Surge Chamber	Chlorine Contact Tank (C.C.T.)
T-10	4' - 11"	6' - 0"	3' - 0"	2' - 4"	3' - 8"	2' - 0"	208
T-15	7' - 3"	6' - 0"	3' - 0"	3' - 6"	5' - 6"	2' - 0"	313
T-20	7' - 1"	8' - 0"	4' - 0"	3' - 6"	5' - 6"	2' - 0"	432
T-25	8' - 10"	8' - 0"	4' - 0"	4' - 5"	6' - 11"	2' - 0"	520
T-30	10' - 5"	8' - 0"	4' - 0"	5' - 3"	8' - 3"	2' - 0"	625
T-35	9' - 10"	10' - 0"	5' - 0"	5' - 0"	7' - 8"	2' - 0"	725
T-40	11' - 2"	10' - 0"	5' - 0"	5' - 7"	8' - 9"	2' - 0"	834
T-45	12' - 6"	10' - 0"	5' - 0"	6' - 4"	9' - 10"	2' - 4"	940
T-50	11' - 6"	12' - 0"	6' - 0"	5' - 10"	9' - 1"	2' - 2"	1,050
T-55	12' - 7"	12' - 0"	6' - 0"	6' - 5"	10' - 1"	2' - 4"	1,175
T-60	13' - 10"	12' - 0"	6' - 0"	7' - 0"	11' - 0"	2' - 7"	1,250
T-65	15' - 0"	12' - 0"	6' - 0"	7' - 7"	11' - 10"	2' - 9"	1,355
T-70	16' - 1"	12' - 0"	6' - 0"	8' - 2"	12' - 9"	3' - 0"	1,460
T-75	17' - 3"	12' - 0"	6' - 0"	8' - 9"	13' - 7"	3' - 2"	1,565
T-80	18' - 5"	12' - 0"	6' - 0"	9' - 4"	14' - 7"	3' - 5"	1,670
T-85	19' - 7"	12' - 0"	6' - 0"	9' - 11"	15' - 6"	3' - 7"	1,775
T-90	20' - 8"	12' - 0"	6' - 0"	10' - 6"	16' - 5"	3' - 9"	1,880
T-95	21' - 10"	12' - 0"	6' - 0"	11' - 1"	17' - 4"	4' - 0"	1,985
T-100	22' - 11"	12' - 0"	6' - 0"	11' - 8"	18' - 2"	4' - 3"	2,090
* 30 Minute Chlorine Contact

Materials of Construction
All tank vessels are fabricated from 1/4" structural grade ASTM designation A-36 steel plates joined by arc welding. All walls are continuous, watertight and will be supported by structural reinforcing members where required. Fabrication and installation will conform to the appropriate requirements of "AISC Specification for Buildings". Connections will conform to the requirements of the American Society's Code and will develop the ful strength of the member.

Flow Division Chamber
A flow division chamber will be provided at the inlet of the tertiary system. The chamber will be designed so as to divert the incoming flow equally to each of the two filter cells.

Filter Media
Filter media will be furnished in sealed bags not to exeed 100 lbs. each. The filter media is to be installed in the field by the installing contractor.

Clearwell
The clearwell will be located so that the filtrate from the filter cell will discharge into the clearwell from the false bottom below the media through a riser pipe and backwash pump. An overflow weir trough will be provided for gravity discharge to the chlorine contact tank. The clearwell capacity will have volume capable of storing at least two backwash cycles.

Backwash Pumps
Two backwash pumps will be furnished and installed in the clearwell so as to automatically backwash the filter cells at a backwash rate of 15 GPM per square foot of filter surface area.

Surge Chamber
The surge chamber of the tertiary system will be of such size as to handle the total volume of the clearwell and the average incoming flow during backwash cycle. A duplex set of pumps will be provided in the surge chamber for returning the backwash liquid to the secondary sewage treatment system.

Chlorine Contact Tank (C.C.T.)
The chlorine contact tank will have a retention period based on the design flow. Sufficient mixing baffles will be supplied to ensure proper mixing of the chlorine solution with the filter effluent. A tablet style chlorinator is the standard method on the PCS plant for effluent disinfection.

Air Supply for Media Scouring
Facilities for air scouring the filter media prior to backwash will be provided. An air distribution system will be provided within the filter media. A regenerative blower/motor unit will be supplied. The motor will be a TEFC (Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled) motor directly mounted on the blower unit.

Tertiary Control Panel
A tertiary control panel will be provided. When resistance of the flow throuh the filter media causes the water level over the filter cells to rise to a predetermined level, a sensing device will initiate the automatic air scour/backwash cycle. The cycle will be set up for an air scour time of four minutes, a settling time of two minutes, backwash time of five minutes and a final settling time of 19 minutes. The controls are housed in a NEMA 4X fiberglass enclosure. Properly sized circuit breakers of fuses will protect all electrical equipment and circuitry.

Options Include:

Walkways
Handrails
Access Ladder
Cathodic Protection

Chlorination vs. UV Light - There are two common methods of disinfecting water, chlorine and ultraviolet (UV) treatment. Chlorine, in the past, has been more widely accepted than UV. Recently, however, chlorine has been strongly criticized. It not only affects water taste and odor as it disinfects, more importantly, research suggests that chlorine produces cancer causing by-products.

Chlorine	Ecologix UVX
Long retention time required (20-45 minutes).	Fast disinfection (3-5 seconds).
Corrosive.	Non-Corrosive.
Has a distinctive odor, can be tasted, and modifies pH, connected with the production of carcinogens.	Does not affect odor, taste, pH, chemical composition, and does not leave any harmful by-products.
High maintenance.	Low maintenance.
Expensive to run.	Generally more cost effective to run than chlorine.
Sodium Hypochlorite degrades back into sodium chloride (salt) and therefore it becomes inactive on storage.	Lamps only need replacing when recommended hours have been reached, typically every 12-18 months.
Hazardous when transporting, storing, and handling.	No hazardous chemical.
Ultraviolet disinfection solves the environmental and safety problems associated with chlorination while being reliable, efficient and cost effective.

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